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Terminology

A glossary of the financial terms used across Calm Sea

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Posts and Articles to gain a deeper understanding

Long-Term Capital Gains: What Qualifies, Explained

Long-term capital gains come from selling an asset held beyond a set holding period, often taxed less than short-term gains. Learn what qualifies and why.

July 27, 2026

What Is a Marginal Tax Rate? Definition and How It Works

Your marginal tax rate is the rate on your next dollar of income, not your whole income. Learn how it differs from your effective rate, with an example.

July 27, 2026

What Are Index Funds? How They Work and Why They're Cheap

An index fund passively tracks a market index instead of trying to beat it. Learn how they work, why fees are low, and how they compare to active funds.

July 27, 2026

What Is an Individual Retirement Account (IRA), Explained

An Individual Retirement Account (IRA) is a tax-advantaged account you open for retirement. Learn how Traditional and Roth IRAs differ, and who they suit.

July 27, 2026

What Are Golden Handcuffs? Definition and Examples

Golden handcuffs are financial incentives, like unvested stock or bonuses, designed to keep you at a job. Learn common forms and how to evaluate leaving.

July 25, 2026

What Is Income Tax? How It Works and Why You Pay It

Income tax is a government tax on money you earn, from wages to investment income. Learn how it's calculated and how it connects to your take-home pay.

July 24, 2026

House Hacking: What It Is, How It Works, and the Numbers

House hacking means living in one unit of a property you buy and renting out the rest to offset your mortgage. Learn how it works, with a worked example.

July 23, 2026

What Is a HENRY? High Earner, Not Rich Yet, Explained

HENRY stands for High Earner, Not Rich Yet, high income with little net worth. Learn where the term came from, why it happens, and how HENRYs build wealth.

July 22, 2026

What Is an Expense? Definition, Types, and Examples

What is an expense? Money spent to run your life or business, from rent to raw materials. See the types, examples, and how expenses differ from liabilities.

July 22, 2026

What Is a Financial Advisor?

What is a financial advisor? Learn what financial advisors actually do, the main types, how they get paid, and what to weigh when deciding if you need one.

July 21, 2026

What Is Financial Advice, and Who Can Actually Give It?

What is financial advice? A specific, often regulated recommendation about your money, unlike general information. Learn what counts and who can give it.

July 21, 2026

What Are Capital Gains? A Simple Explanation

What are capital gains? The profit from selling an asset for more than you paid. Learn realized vs unrealized gains and how holding periods affect the tax owed.

July 20, 2026